Jack



H. NILSON Dec. 5, 1939.

JACK

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Dec. 5, 1939. l H NlLsQN 2,182,676

JACK

Filed Feb. 5, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet l2 Z7; Venier f/AeoL o 60N 7M @JMWAT1-alavesa- Dec. 5, 1939. H. NlLsoN 2,182,675

JACK

Filed Feb. 5, 1957 5 sheets-snm*` s f I /z HAROLD /V/so/v @MMM/MATToENEYs Patented Dec. 5, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFI-ICE JACK HaroldNilson, Wayzata, Minn., assigner of onethird to John A. Edeby, Wayzata,Minn., and one-third to Emil Berglund, Minneapolis, Minn.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in jacks, and moreparticularly to such jacks of the service type, adapted for use in andabout a garage, and whereby the wheels or body of an automobile or truckmay be conveniently elevated With a minimum of effort.

An object of the present invention is to provide a jack of the characterdescribed comprising an operating mechanism having means for varying thespeed or upward traveling movement of the lifting head of the jack. Afurther object is to provide a jack of the fluid operated typecomprising a lifting head or member and a plunger for elevating saidhead, and said plunger being actuated by a pressure uidldeliveredthereagainst by a suitable pressure pump having an operating lever whichis connected to the pump so that the leverage between the lifting headand said lever may readily ybe varied without changing the workingstroke of the lever.

Other dbjects of the invention reside `in the unique arrangement of thevarious parts of the jack, and whereby the lifting head, when in itslowermost position, is relatively close to the floor Aline, whereby thelifting head may readilybe inserted beneath the axle of a conventionalautomobile when the tire thereof is llat; in the construction of thepressure pump which provides an integral unit having means fordetachably securing it to the main cylinder of the jack, whereby it mayreadily be removed therefrom for repairs or other purposes, withoutotherwise dismantling the jack; in the means provided for operating thepump, whereby the stroke of the pump may readily be vari-ed, to increaseor decrease the operating lever of the pump; and, in the simple y andinexpensive construction of the apparatus as a whole, whereby it may bemanufactured at a nominal cost.

Other objects of the invention will appear from ,the followingdescription and accompanying drawings and will be pointed out in theannexed claims.`

In the accompanying drawings there has been disclosed a structuredesigned to carry out the Yvarious `objects of the invention, but it isto be understoodthat the invention is not confined of an arm 8 by asuitable pin I2. end of the arm 8 is pivotally supported on the side tothe exact features shown as various changes may be made Within the scopeof the claims y i'which follow.

:Figure l, looking at the apparatus from the bot- ,tom side'thereof;

FigureV 4 is a cross-sectio-nal view on the line 4 4 of Figure 6;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure l, with l'some of the partsremoved, and showing the lifting head in an elevated position; Figure 6is an enlarged detail sectional view Y on the line 6-6 of Figure 2,showing the construction of the plunger and itsvsupporting cylinder,

and the; pressure pump connected thereto;

Figure 7 is an enlarged detail sectional View -on the line 'l-I ofFigure 1, showing the means provided at the end of the operating leverfor opening the fluid release valve;

,l Figure 8 is an enlarged detail sectional view on ythe line 8 8 ofFigure 6, showing the connec- 'tion betweenV the operating lever and thepresisure pump; and

Figure 9 isa detail sectional View showing the operating lever adjustedto decrease the stroke of ,the pressure pump. The novelapparatus hereindisclosed is shown comprising a frame 2 having forwardly extendingcarrying wheels 6.

A lifting head *'I is shown pivoted to one end The opposite walls of themain fram-e 2 by a suitable shaft or rod 9, as best shown in Figure 5.The arm 8 may be g channel-shaped in cross-section, as

Vshown in Figures 2 and k5, to gain strength and bprovide a more rigidstructure.

portions 3, in'which is mounted an axle 4 having suitable carryingwheels 5 mounted thereon. The -rear end of the frame is supported onsimilar A pair of struts Il are pivotally connected at one end to thepivot pin I2 of the lifting head 'L Thelower ends of the struts I I arepreferably provided with suitable rollers I3, mounted on pins I 0, jandadapted to travel on the bottom wall I4 of rthe frame 2 of theapparatus, as clearly illustrated in Figure 5. stabilizing links I5 havetheir ends connected respectively, to the lifting head 'l and ,frame 2,and operate to retain the head l n-a horizontal position, regardless ofits position with respect to the door line.

Means is provided for operating the struts Il to elevate the liftinghead l, and comprises a. cylinder I5 suitably supported on the mainframe 2. A plunger, generally indicated by the numeral I? is mounted forreciprocal movement in the cylinder, and is shown having a piston IB forpreventing the pressure Huid from escaping around the plunger. One endof the plunger is slidably supported in a head I9, secured to theforward end of the cylinder. A suitable packing EI may be provided forpreventing leakage of the fluid from the cylinder around the plunger.

The forward end of the plunger I8 has the intermediate portion 22 of ayoke, generally indicated by the numeral 23, secured to the reducedthreaded terminal 25 of the plunger I8, by a suitable nut 25. Theconnection between the intermediate portion 22 of the yoke and thereduced portion 25 of the plunger may be suciently loose to permitrelative limited movement between said parts, should the roller I3encounter foreign matter on the bottom wall I4 of the main frame.

The cylinder Ill is shown having a partition 28 adjacent its rear end,whereby a chamber 29 is provided between said partition and the rearWall or head 3i of the cylinder. This rear wall, as best shown in Figure3, is secured to the side walls of the main frame 2 by suitable bolts32, whereby said wall provides, in effect, a portion of the rear end ofthe main frame.

The partition 28 has a rearwardly extending portion 32 provided with anopening 33, forming a seat for the forward end of a suitable pressurepump, generally indicated by the numeral 34. The forward end of thepressure pump is coneshaped, as illustrated in Figure 6, and is adaptedto seat tightly against the conical wall of the opening 33, thereby toprovide a leak-proof joint between the rear wall of the extension 32 andthe forward end of the pressure pump 34.

The pressure pump 35 has a bore 35 in which is mounted a piston 36provided with-a suitable packing Si at its forward end. The pressurepump has a valve chamber 38 at its forward end communicating with theinterior of the cylinder IS, back of the piston I 7. A passage 39establishes communication between the valve chamber 38 and the bore 35of the pressure pump. This passage is normally closed by a suitablecheck valve lli provided in the Valve chamber 38. A port 42 is providedin the forward end of the pressure pump rearwardly of the opening 33 inthe extension 32 and is normally closed by a check valve 43.

A suitable fluid release port 44 is shown provided in the upper portionof the Wall of the eX- tension 32 of the partition 28, and is adapted tobe closed by a needle valve 45 received in threaded engagement with theupper wall 46 of the valve chamber 29. Communication is establishedbetween the valve chamber 23 and the interior of the cylinder Iii at theforward end thereof by means of a conduit 4l, as clearly illustrated inFigure 6.

An important feature of the present invention resides in the novel meansemployed for supporting the pressure pump 34, whereby it may readily beremoved from the apparatus, as a unit, without requiring any otherdismantling of the apparatus.

for the pump piston 36. The periphery of the housing 48 is threadedimmediately forwardly of the flange 49 and is adapted to be received ina threaded socket in the rear wall 3l of the cylinder. rihe flange 49seats against the rear face of the wall 3l, and a suitable gasket 5I ispreferably interposed between said flange 49 and the rear wall 3l toprevent ieakage of the pressure fluid from the chamber Z9 at this point.

To operate the piston 35 of the pressure pump 34, a sleeve 52 is shownfitted over the housing 48, and having its rear end suitably secured tothe piston 3G by such means as a screw 53, whereby the sleeve is fixedto the plunger for operation as a unit therewith. The sleeve 52 isprovided with oppositely disposed trunnions 54 adapted to be engaged byslotted arms 55 secured to the forward end of a hollow operating memberor lever 55, as clearly illustrated in Figures l and G.

The operating lever is pivoted to the rear ends of a pair of links 5l,the forward ends of which are pivctally connected to the cross shaft 9of the member 8. These links prevent relative longitudinal movement ofthe lever 5S with respect to the main frame of the apparatus and, at thesame time, permit the forward end of the lever to be verticallyadjusted, as will subsequently be described, for the purpose of varyingthe stroke of the pump piston for a given stroke of the lever 56.

Another important feature of the invention resides in the novel meansprovided for varying the stroke of the pump piston for a given stroke ofthe operating lever 56, whereby the leverage between the lifting head 'land the operating lever 5S may be varied in accordance with the weightof the load to be lifted.

The means provided for thus varying the stroke of the piston 36 is showncomprising an eccentric 58 secured to an operating rod 59 mounted forrotary adjustment within the hollow operating lever 56, as clearlyillustrated in Figures l and 2. A. suitable hand grip or wheel 6I isprovided at the outer end of the lever 56, whereby the operating rod 5Sof the eccentric may be conveniently operated, thereby to rotatablyadjust the eccentric 58.

rlhe eccentric 58, as best illustrated in Figure 8,

shown having an annular split band 62 mounted thereon, the terminals 63of which are spaced apart to receive the upper end of a connecting link64. The lower end of the link G4 is operatively connected to the sleeve52 of the pressure pump by a suitabie pin 65. A plurality of i screws 53are shown mounted in the band 62 and have their terminals projectinginto the circumferential groove t8 of the eccentric, thereby to retainthe band 62 on the eccentric so that it cannot become detachedtherefrom. operatively connects the upper end of the link 64 to the lugs63 of the ring 62.

rIhe pump stroke adjusting mechanism permits free oscillatory movementof the operating lever 56 in the operation of operating the piston 36 ofthe pressure pump 34. In Figures 6 and 8, the eccentric is shownpositioned for maximum length pump stroke. In Figure 9, the eccentric isshown positioned for minimum pump stroke. In other words, when theeccentric is adjusted, as shown in Figure 9, the stroke of the piston 36of the pressure pump is considerably shorter for a given stroke of theoperating lever 55, than it is when the eccentric is positioned as shownin Figure 6. A suitable spring "Il is shown interposed between A pin 59`the eccentric 58 and the'forward end `of the op- :erating lever 56, tohold the operating rod 59 of the eccentric in the position shown inFigure 6. Another feature of the invention resides in the the chamber29. The means provided for thus Voperating the release valve 45 is showncomprising a suitablecable 12 extending lengthwise through the hollowoperating rod 59 of the eccentric 58, and having ya suitable finger grip1B secured to the rear end thereof and disposed adjacent the adjustingwheel 6i. The forward end of the cable l2 is suitably attached to an arm13 -secured to the upper end of the valve 45. One

end of a spring i4 is secured to the arm 13, and

g -its opposite end is shown secured to aclip 15 y20' which mayconveniently be secured to the conduit 41, as best shown in Figure 6.Whenthe "cable l2Y is-pulled rearwardly by the operator grasping thefinger grip l0, the valve 45 is opened `to permit the pressure fluidback of the plunger to return to the chamber 29 through the valveopening 414. When the operator releases his grip `on the knob 1G, thespring 14 will immediately close the release valve 45, as will readilybe understood by referenceV to Figure 6.`

A series of spacedy apertures 'i5 are preferably -provided in the sidewalls of the main frame, as -clearly illustrated in Figures 1,`3, and 5.These apertures are so located that when the lifting head is in anelevated position, as shown in Figure 1, and a pin is inserted into oneof said apertures, the Wheel or roller i3 of the strut alined therewithwill engage said pin, whereby the struts are locked against furtherrearwardA movement, therebypositively locking the lifting head in anelevated position. This feature is particularly desirable when it isfound necessary to leave the load supported von the jack for anindefinite length of time.

The novel jack herein disclosed, has been found particularly useful ingarages, as a general service jack, and also for curb service. Becauseof the unique arrangement of the supporting means of the lifting head,comprising the arm 8 and struts l l, the lifting head may be lowered toa position relatively close to the oor line whereby it may readily beinserted beneath an axle disposed relatively close to the floor line, asis often the case when tires of the balloon type become deflated.

The construction of the pressure pump and its connection with theoperating lever 55 through the depending arms 55, is such that when theop-4 erating lever is in its normal horizontal position, as shown infull lines in Figure 1, the inherent construction of the pressure pumpis such as to resist further downward movement of the outer end of thelever 56. By thus arranging the parts, it will readily be seen, byreference to Figure 1, that when downward pressure is exerted on thelever 56, when in the full line position, shown in Figure l, the entireapparatus may be oscillated about the axis of the rear wheels 6, wherebythe forward end of the jack may readily be swung about under the axle ofthe vehicle with the utmost ease. Also, by thus constructing the jack,the .use of swivel casters for supporting it may be dispensed with.

In the operation of the jack, the operator may readily adjust the speedof the upward travel of the lifting head 1 by the simple manipulationofthe adjusting head 'or wheel'll at theouter end of the lever 56. Ifthe load is comparatively heavy in weight, the jack may be adjusted, asshown in Figure 9, whereby a relatively short `stroke is imparted to thepiston 36 vof the presf" sure pump 34, for each stroke of the operatingvlever 5t, thereby greatly increasing the leverage between the liftinghead and the operating lever. On the other hand, should the load berelatively light in weight, the operator may adjust the eccentric A513to the position shown in Figure 6,

whereby a relatively longer stroke is imparted to the'piston 35 of thepump, for a given stroke ofthe operating lever 56, with the result thatthe lifting head will travel a greater distance for each stroke oftheloperating lever.

AIt is also to be noted by reference to Figure 5,

that the arm 8 and struts H which supportthe lifting head upon the mainframe, are solarranged that after the lifting head engages the l axle ofthe load to be elevated, the angle between the longitudinal centerlineof the struts Il and a .vertical line drawn through the lifting head,

quickly decreases as the head is elevated, therebyV increasing thelifting leverage imparted against the head, with the result that thejack is rendered very easy in operation. The struts Il are substantiallyin the` position shown in Figure 5, whenv the lifting head reaches thelimit of its upward movement whereby, when -the releasei l. In anapparatus of the class described, a.`

wheel supported frame, an arm having one end pivoted to the frame, alifting head pivotally connected to the opposite end of said arm, astrut having one end connected to the head, a member operativelyconnected to the opposite end of the strut and adapted for horizontaltraveling movement on the frame, thereby to elevate the lifting head, anoperating mechanism for said member including an operating leveradapted, upon oscillatory movement, to impart traveling movement to thelower end of the strut in a direction to elevate the lifting head, andmeans for locking the strut against return movement when the liftinghead is in an elevated position.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, a frame comprising spacedside walls, an arm having one end pivoted to the frame, a lifting headpivotally connected to the opposite end of said arm, a strut having oneend connected to the head, a member operatively connected to theopposite end of the strut and adapted for hori- Zontal travelingmovement on the frame, thereby to elevate the lifting head, an operatingmechanism for said member including an operating llever adapted, uponoscillatory movement, to im- 3. In an apparatus of the class described,a frame, an arm having one end pivoted to the frame, a lifting head, apivot pivotally connecting the lifting head to the opposite end of thearm, a strut having one end connected to said pivot, a member pivotallyconnected to the opposite end of the strut and adapted for hrizontal`traveling movement on the frame, said member and strut being disposedin substantially parallel relation, when the arm is in its loweredinoperative position, a power mechanism for moving said member, thepivotal connection of the arm with the frame being disposed above thepivotal connection between the strut and said member, whereby whentraveling movement is imparted to said member by the power device, thearm may be swung quickly upwardly into engagement with a load by theaction of the strut, and the parts being so arranged that continuedmovement of the member will increase the leverage between the arm andsaid member, thereby to facilitate elevating the load. V

4. In an apparatus of the class described, a frame, an arm having oneend pivoted to one end of the frame, a lifting head, a pivot pivotallyconnecting the lifting head to the opposite end of the arm, a struthaving one end connected to said pivot, a member pivotally connected tothe opposite end of the strut and adapted for hori- Zontal travelingmovement on the frame, a power mechanism for moving said member, thepivotal connection of the arm with the frame being disposed above thepivotal connection between the strut and said member,

whereby when traveling movement is imparted to said member by the powerdevice, the arm may be swung quickly upwardly into engagement with aload by the action of the strut, the parts being so arranged thatcontinued movement of the member will increase the leverage between thearm and said member, thereby to facilitate elevating the load, and meansfor actuating the power device.

5; In an apparatus of the class described, a frame, an arm having oneend pivoted to the frame, a lifting head, a pivot pivotally connectingthe lifting head to the opposite end of the arm, a strut having one endconnected to said pivot, a member pivotally connected to the oppositeend of the strut and adapted for horizontal traveling movement on theframe, a power mechanism for moving said member, the pivotal connectionof the arm with the frame being disposed above the pivotal connectionbetween the strut and said member, whereby when traveling movement isimparted to said member, the arm may be swung quickly upwardly intoengagement with a load by the action of the strut, said arm and strutbeing so arranged that continuous movement of the member will eventuallyincrease the leverage between the arm and said strut, whereby thegreatest leverage may be obtained after the lifting head engages theload, an operating lever for actuating the power device, and meansassociated with the operating lever whereby the leverage between thelever and power device may be varied.

I HAROLD NILSON.

